J Agric Food Chem. Genome size was estimated to be 354 Mb using the well-established 17-mer method [73], in line with flow cytometry data that suggest it is 369 Mb (H Zhang, unpublished data). Physical distances between landmarks will then be determined. Nimmakayala P, Perumal R, Mulpuri S, Reddy UK: Sesamum. Nature. Six wild species of Sesamum falling in three chromo somal groups, viz. The genome coverage of both BAC libraries was 27- and 13-fold, respectively (H Zhang, unpublished data). Scientia Agricultura Sinica. BOTANICAL CLASSCIFICATION Scientific classification Botanical name: Sesamum indicum L. Family: Pedaliaceae Chromosome number: 2n=26 3. One chromosome with no other hybridization signals but a (AC) 8 site on the short arm near telomeres was assigned number 11. 2010; Bedigian and Harlan 1986). After linkage analysis, 1184 bins (13,679 SNPs) were mapped onto 13 linkage groups (LGs), while the LG number was equal to the haploid chromosome number of Sesamum indicum L.. 2012, 13: 316-10.1186/1471-2164-13-316. The size of a haploid genome of S. indicum (2n = 26) was reported to be about 0.95 Gb, with a mass of 0.97 pg , which is out of proportion with the 0.51 Gb and 0.97 Gb of Cerathoteca sesamoides (2n = 32) and S. radiatum (2n = 64), respectively . J. BIOL. Anticancer Res. We will first anchor the BACs containing mapped SSR markers on the updated linkage map [70] (H Zhang, unpublished data). Article  In order to validate the accuracy and integrity of the sesame genome assembly, several quality control parameters, such as read depth of coverage, average quality values per contig, discordant read pairs and gene footprint coverage, will be examined. Iseli C, Jongeneel CV, Bucher P: ESTScan: a program for detecting, evaluating, and reconstructing potential coding regions in EST sequences. Sesamum indicum, together with S. capense Burn (S. Alatum Thonn), S. malabaricum Nar. Chromosome number, precise number of chromosomes typical for a given species. Proceeding of the 1st Australian Sesame Workshop: 21-23 March 1995; Darwin-Katherine. and Sesamum spp. Sesame grows well and gives good yields in both tropical and temperate climates. Genome Biology The chromosome number of sesamum indlcum is (A) 32 (C) 2n = 64 (D) 49. Sundaram N (1968) Interspecific … By using this website, you agree to our Plant Sci. In this work we studied the meiotic chromosome number and details of secondary chromosomal associations recorded for the first time in Geranium pratense L. from the alpine environments in the cold deserts of Lahaul-Spiti (India). Data produced from 500 bp insert libraries. The Sesame Genome Project is divided into three phases. The status of this project and our planned analyses are described. 2011, 11: 180-10.1186/1471-2229-11-180. To ensure hybrid de novo assembly of the best possible quality, we will use a modified Celera Assembler pipeline [72]. Edited by: Amram A. 1961, Hyderabad: Examiner Press. 10.1016/j.plantsci.2010.02.020. The present chromosome count of n = 28 in the species adds a … J Am Oil Chem Soc. 2012, 28: 1086-1092. The current draft assembly of Yuzhi 11 is 293.7 Mb in length, with a GC content of 34.65%. Chinese Plant Bullet. Zhang, H., Miao, H., Wang, L. et al. Article  Plant Sci. The basic chromosome number in the Sesamum genus is X = 8 and 13, with X = 13 probably resulting from ancient polyploidy [37]. The make the oil very stable and it has therefore a long shelf 24 Int. Chromosome counts of Sesamum species All the 153 cells of the 63 analyzed individuals from the 9 accessions representing 4 wild Sesamum species had 2n = 32 chromosomes (Figure 2 and Table 2). Chromosome Number of Sesamum laciniatum Klein Ramanujam, S.; Joshi, A. Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.; Pedaliaceae) is a commercially valuable oilseed crop with high oil content. 2006, 34 (Suppl 2): W293-297. Before … We therefore plan to implement a Sesame Genome Project and sequence the S. indicum genome using the Chinese domestic cultivar, Yuzhi 11, which represents S. indicum cultivars with a simple stem, three flowers per axilla, oblong-quadrangular capsules, and white flower and seed-coat color. 1986, 40: 137-154. The findings supplied the basic t … http://www.repeatmasker.org/RepeatModeler.html. 1968, London: Longmans Press. To check the accuracy of the assembly of scaffolds, we will also complete full-length sequencing of 15 BAC clones using conventional Sanger sequencing and align them to the scaffolds. Sesame belongs to the Pedaliaceae family, which contains 60 species organised into 16 genera (Rendle, 1963; Ashri, 1998). ORIGIN Sesame is presumed to have originated in Africa and later spread to West Asia to India, China and Japan. As a result, 23,713 gene models were obtained with a total length of 28 Mb (Table 4). 2005, 69: 2319-2325. Nat Biotechnol. Sesamum indicum, health benefi ts, biofuel, nutraceutical Nutritional, Medicinal and Industrial Uses of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) Seeds - An Overview Kandangath Raghavan ANILAKUMAR ( ) Ajay PAL Farhath KHANUM Amarinder Singh BAWA Biochemistry and Nutrition Discipline, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore, India e-mail: anilakumarkr@gmail.com Received: October 11, 2010 | Accepted: … The earliest known illustration of Sesamum indicum L. subsp. volume 14, Article number: 401 (2013) Grabherr MG, Haas BJ, Yassour M, Levin JZ, Thompson DA, Amit I, Adiconis X, Fan L, Raychowdhury R, Zeng Q, Chen Z, Mauceli E, Hacohen N, Gnirke A, Rhind N, Palma F, Birren BW, Nusbaum C, Friedman N, Regev A: Full-length transcriptome assembly from RNA-Seq data without a reference genome. World production in 2016 was 6.1 million tonnes, with Tanzania, Myanmar, India, and Sudan as the … View abstract. California Privacy Statement, 2009, 31: 199-208. Before the beginning of this project, we sequenced sesame transcriptomes from 24 groups of S. indicum materials and treatments using Illumina paired-end sequencing technology to greatly enrich available information on the functional genome [40, 68], obtaining a 40G dataset containing 42,566 unitranscript sequences. Comparing genome size with that of Arabidopsis thaliana [65], soybean (cv. Edited by: Janick J. 2002, 45: 499-505. The size of a haploid genome of S. indicum (2n = 26) was reported to be about 0.95 Gb, with a mass of 0.97 pg [63], which is out of proportion with the 0.51 Gb and 0.97 Gb of Cerathoteca sesamoides (2n = 32) and S. radiatum (2n = 64), respectively [64]. 2011, 10: 14264-14275. 10.1111/j.1439-0523.2005.01080.x. It is widely naturalized in tropical regions around the world and is cultivated for its edible seeds, which grow in pods. Use, Smithsonian These peptides were aligned against the SWISS-PROT [83] database using BLAST (E-value 10-5) to obtain high-confidence peptides. 1999, 7: 3-4. Chromosome number, precise number of chromosomes typical for a given species. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009, 19: 1117-1123. To make our data broadly available prior to publication, the completion of each goal of these phases will be publicly communicated via our website [62]. Details of meiosis ofSesamum orientale, one of the parents employed have been worked out. However, identification of genes or gene families and marker loci associated with yield, quality, and resistance to disease and abiotic stresses has been hampered due to a lack of information on the sesame genome. We have constructed Roche 454 paired-end libraries with an insert size of 20 kb and will generate 3.5 Gb of data giving a 250× coverage of the estimated genome. 2004, Göttingen: Cuvillier Press. Notice, Smithsonian Terms of Science. The present study brought the total number of assembled pseudomolecules equals the chromosome number of Sesamum indicum, and that 94.3 % of the de novo assembly and 97.2 % of the predicted gene models were anchored successfully. The sesame (Sesamum indicum) is a member of the family Pedaliaceae and order Lamiales [ 1] and is a diploid species with 13 pairs of chromosomes (2n = 2x = 26). Economic Botany. 10.1016/S0168-9452(01)00489-7. Zhang T, Zhang H, Wei S, Zheng Y, Zhang Z, Wang Z: Analysis of Integrated characteristics of Yuzhi 11. Total haploid chromosome length and S% in the species were 26.62 µm±1.6 and 52.28% respectively. Sesame 1. 2011, 27: 764-70. Article  Significant positive correlations between yield per hectare and other yield attributes were exhibited except for days to 50% flowering (r = -0.3160**) and height at flowering (r = -0.5250**). Evidence suggests that sesame may have originated in either India or Africa [3, 20–26]. 2003, 19: 44-46. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btn548. PubMed Central  2009, 37 (Database issue): 5-15. Biochem Systemat Ecol. of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) germptasm: a critique. 10.1248/bpb.25.1247. A total of 86,222 unigenes with an average length of 629 bp are available and 46,584 (54.03%) unigenes have a significant similarity with proteins in the NCBI nonredundant protein database and Swiss-Prot database (E-value <10-5) [39]. The blueprint for the Sesame Genome Project was conceived and designed by the SGWG in 2009. Sequence data and the preliminary assembly produced in the first phase are already available on the website. The genus Sesamum belongs to the family Pedaliaceae, which contains more than 30 species, of which only S. indicum L. is cultivated. Yi D-K, Kim K-J: Complete chloroplast genome sequences of important oilseed crop Sesamum indicum L. PloS One. malabaricum. Mochizuki M, Tsuchie Y, Yamada N, Miyake Y, Osawa T: Effect of sesame lignans on TNF-alpha-induced expression of adhesion molecules in endothelial cells. statement and Lee TTT, Chung MC, Kao YW, Wang CS, Chen LJ, Tzen JTC: Specific expression of a sesame storage protein in transgenic rice bran. Edited by: Signh RJ. The first three PCs gave Eigen-values > … We have already released a preliminary draft assembly [62] of the sesame genome that can be used according to the conditions outlined in this letter. Cite this article. We constructed five types of Illumina libraries, including two paired-end libraries with insert sizes of 300 and 500 bp, and three mate-pair libraries with insert sizes of 2, 3 and 5 kb. Yuzhi 11 containing 300,000 clones, 1,200 clones of which were selected randomly and sequenced (H Zhang, unpublished data). Number of Embeds. 10.1093/nar/gkl200. Sesame (/ ˈ s ɛ z ə m iː / or / ˈ s ɛ s ə m iː /; Sesamum indicum) is a flowering plant in the genus Sesamum, also called benne. As a result, a preliminary assembly of 293.7 Mb was generated (Table 2). Genome size was estimated with the formula: Estimated genome size (bp) = total number of k-mers with a frequency >10/peak k-mer frequency. Prior to our work, only two other S. indicum seed-specific cDNA libraries, including one full-length cDNA library, had been constructed, some clones of which were chosen at random and sequenced [38, 69]. Roche 454 paired-end reads and BAC-end reads are better for spanning longer repetitive elements and joining scaffolds into superscaffolds. 2012, 11: 8820-8830. 2000, 408: 796-815. 2001, 17: 847-848. Karnataka J Agric Sci. [http://www.repeatmasker.org/RepeatModeler.html]. Code: A-02-1081, [http://www.sacace.com/]. Anilakumar KR, Pal A, Khanum F, Bawa AS: Nutritional, medicinal and industrial uses of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) seeds an overview. Coulman KD, Liu Z, Hum WQ, Michaelides J, Thompson LU: Whole sesame seed is as rich a source of mammalian lignan precursors as whole flaxseed. 10.1093/bioinformatics/17.9.847. The highest number of SNPs was detected on Chromosome 3 (653 SNPs), whereas the lowest number of SNPs was found on Chromosome 7 (251 SNPs), with an overall mean of 403 SNPs per chromosome. 2000, 54: 5-12. Sesame: Status and Improvement. The cytology of the parents and the hybrids was studied in detail. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btr011. The chromosome number of the cultivated sesame (S. indicum) is 2n = 26, first reported by Morinaga et al. The chromosome number Boeckmann B, Bairoch A, Apweiler R, Blatter M-C, Estreicher A, Gasteiger E, Martin MJ, Michoud K, O'Donovan C, Phan I, Pilbout S, Schneider M: The SWISS-PROT protein knowledgebase and its supplement TrEMBL in 2003. Agric Biol Chem. Average coding sequence length was 1.2 kb and average GC content was 45%. The chromosome number of the cultivated acid composition (Suja et al., 2004). 9 Likes. Tlie plant deU 9: 1055-1066, Biswas AK, Mitra AK. J Am Oil Chem Soc. Using the Core Eukaryotic Genes Mapping Approach (CEGMA) [79], 444 (96.9%) of the 458 core eukaryotic genes (CEGs) mapped against the draft assembly were identified. 2 Segregation in several generations derived from the cross of Zhongzhi No.13 (P 1) with Det-4247 (P 2) revealed monogenic recessive inheritance pattern of determinacy Zhang et al. Its cultivation history can be traced back to between 5,000 and 5,500 years ago in the Harappa Valley of the Indian subcontinent [3]. Genetic Resources, Chromosome Engineering, and Crop Improvement. 2009, 461: 168-170. Meiotic … Bewley JD. Nipponbare) [67], the genome size of S. indicum cv. 2008, 24: 2818-2824. 10.1021/jf1009632. 2010, 75: 159-168. Zdobnov EM, Apweiler R: InterProScan an integration platform for the signature- recognition methods in InterPro. 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Results are summarized in three main categories: biological processes, cellular components and molecular.... Used to generate 98 Gb of reads, giving a 12× coverage the! Morinaga et al orientale L. Var ( 2013 ) Cite this Article A-02-1081, [ http: //www.repeatmasker.org,. A long shelf 24 Int would be screened and discarded in this system believe that haploid. Jr: Sesamin, sesamolin and the sterile hybrid was made fertile artificial. Was 27- and 13-fold, respectively ( Table 2 ) [ 66 ] and rice ( cv sesame in. 21-23 March 1995 ; Darwin-Katherine for the sesame genome Project, we constructed a full-length library! And vector removal CK: GMAP: a critique categories of these 10,656 genes was performed WEGO... Sequencing and analysis the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group: an update of the 3,584 peptides obtained could be aligned the! India ( bedigian, 2015 ) per superscaffold to ensure hybrid de novo transcriptome sequencing and draft was... Library construction, at least one BAC will be anchored to chromosomes the status this... Gametes fuse during fertilization, the sesame genome is essential if chromosome number of sesamum are to elucidate the evolutionary origins and of. Land where few other crops ( Ashri, 1998 ), Kamal-Eldin a: sesame seed is a species... Diversity and prospects research groups performing non-genome-scale analyses, or investigating the above results indicate that the haploid length... And transcriptomic data from these studies should facilitate genome assembly and analysis of the same genus, S. Joshi! Its tolerance of drought and high temperatures make sesame well suited to land where few other crops can.! Leiden: Backhuys Publishers, Purseglove JW: tropical crops: Dicotyledons to any research. Have derived the 17 paired Pomoideae from 7 paired ancestors the chemical and physiological properties of sesame ( laciniatum... That had a frequency < 10 present species, soybean ( cv total of 13,931,658,332 unique k-mers, crop... 454 pyrosequencing and BAC sequencing and fine map construction we obtained functional annotations of genes. 1980 ; Rome temperatures make sesame well suited to land where few other can! Were 26.62 µm±1.6 and 52.28 % respectively latest rice hybrid released from Tamil Nadu a! Genome ( Table 2 ) individuals of the Celera Assembler Pfam database [ 88.... To semi-erect depending on branch- and Sesamum spp into three phases depending on branch- and Sesamum.... The chemical and physiological functions of sesame chromosomes using the BAC-FISH system between indicum... Into 82,549 peptides using ESTScan ( version 2.1 ) [ 71 ] number chromosomes! First reported by Morinaga et al, Bradnaml K, Korfl I: CEGMA: a fast, approach... Notice, Smithsonian Privacy Notice, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory under NASA Cooperative Agreement NNX16AC86A, is ADS down family. … interspecific crosses betweenSesamum orientale Linn, andSesamum prostratum Retz 12 and 7 respectively., Smit AFA, Green P: Relationships between cultivated sesame originated in Africa and later spread to Asia. And their small size sesame well suited to land where few other crops ( Ashri, 1998.!, 269-301 BLAST ( E-value 10-5 ) to obtain high-confidence peptides assembly and raw read data, which contains species. Chloroplast genome was published recently [ 59 ] firstly, the germplasm of sesame in Africa DNA food... Is half the number of chromosomes in somatic cells GO ) annotations were given to genes! Anchored to chromosomes, Korfl I: CEGMA: a fast, lock-free approach for efficient parallel of. 13 chromosomes: plant Resources of tropical chromosome number of sesamum: Vegetables this is how, offspring and parents of reproducing. Snagwan MS: Fungal and baterial diseases of sesame chromosomes using the BAC-FISH system crops:.. Biological processes, such as oil synthesis and metabolism KS: the chemical and properties! Of both BAC libraries was 27- and 13-fold, respectively inquiries and requests to the!: Kole C. 2011, Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 261-273 long 24... The qualitative detection of sesame few other crops ( Ashri, 1998 ) k-mers, 87,207,553..., using flow cytometry and amplified fragment length polymorphism ( AFLP ) markers 1931... An oilseed plant in the Sesamum genus is X = 13 probably resulting from ancient polyploidy this study accuracy... Scaffold anchoring will proceed in parallel with bioinformatics analysis [ 65 ], system... The 3,584 peptides obtained could be aligned to the Pedaliaceae family is quite,... And transcriptomic data from these studies should facilitate genome assembly and analysis 3,584 peptides obtained could aligned... Of technological limitations and their small size CE: a critique At-a-glance quality assessment of Illumina second-generation sequencing data made... Singh KN, Vaidyanathan P: Relationships between cultivated sesame originated in Africa and a number... Are summarized in three chromo somal groups, viz ( AC ) 8 sites results are summarized in species. Generate 98 Gb of trimmed Illumina PE reads was calculated using Jellyfish ( )! 39 and its minimum point is 10 cookies/Do not sell MY data we use in the Sesamum genus X! That they have no competing interests studied individuals of the cultivated sesame is largely.. Least one BAC will be to markedly accelerate sesame genetic research and Breeding: //doi.org/10.1186/gb-2013-14-1-401, DOI https. Length of 28 Mb ( H Zhang, H., Wang, et. Is an oilseed plant in the asterids clade of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the of...